Shikras, also known as Accipiter badius, are small birds of prey that are known for their great hunting capabilities and courageous personalities. They are found in forests, farms, urban areas, and occasionally savannas and woodlands in the continents of Asia and Africa, including the subcontinents of India. Shikras are resident breeders in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, typically laying between 3 and 7 eggs, which are incubated for 18 to 21 days.
Shikras’ Nesting Season
The nesting period for Shikras occurs between April and June in India. During this time, both the male and female Shikras work together to create a new nest, which is usually built in trees and made from a combination of twigs and sticks. The female Shikras tend to be very selective when it comes to nesting, and they build a new nest each year.
Shikras’ Hunting Behavior
Image source: ShiKRA by Suvendu suvo
Shikras are skilled hunters that surprise their prey by flying over and catching it when it is unaware. They have two main hunting techniques:
- Low, Stealthy Flight: Shikras take a low, stealthy flight along the treeline, pouncing on an unwary bird or animal.
- High Soaring and Diving: Shikras soar high in circles and dive down at the sight of prey.
Shikras’ diet consists of smaller creatures such as frogs, fledglings, lizards, small birds, dragonflies, and some mammals. They tend to beat their wings quite rapidly whilst gliding through the air rather slowly and use their tails to maneuver through the air as they fly.
Shikras’ Vocalizations
Shikras are rather noisy birds, and their shrill call of notes “titu-titu” is a familiar sound prior to and during the establishment of pair bonds and when breeding.
Shikras’ Conservation Status
In India, Shikras are protected under the Wildlife Protection Act, which means that it is not legal to keep them as pets. They are commonly used in falconry because they are skilled hunters, but this is no longer legal in India.
Observing Shikras’ Behavior
Observing Shikras’ behavior during the nesting season from a distance can be quite an interesting experience. Their nesting habits, hunting techniques, and vocalizations make them fascinating birds to observe.
Conclusion
Shikras are fascinating birds that are known for their great hunting capabilities, courageous personalities, and unique nesting habits. They play an important role in the ecosystem as apex predators and are protected under the Wildlife Protection Act in India.
References:
– https://indianbirds.in/pdfs/IB_17_2_Suryawanshi_AccipiterBadius.pdf
– https://operationmigration.org/shikra-the-ultimate-guide/
– https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/the-shikra-is-a-bird-that-embodies-brains-and-bravery/article30533788.ece
– https://peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/hawks/shikra
