Martial eagles are large, powerful birds of prey that are widely distributed throughout parts of Africa. These majestic birds spend most of their time soaring very high, often beyond the reach of the human eye. Their broad wings and long tails enable them to effortlessly navigate the skies, making them a sight to behold.

Soaring Habits of Martial Eagles

Martial eagles are known for their exceptional soaring abilities. They can be found soaring at great heights, often higher than a human eye can see. Their broad wings and long tails allow them to take advantage of the various air currents and thermals, enabling them to stay aloft for extended periods without expending much energy.

Preferred Habitats for Martial Eagles

Image source: Martial eagle by Charles J. Sharp

Martial eagles can be found in a wide range of landscapes, including open shrublands, farmlands, grassy plains, thornveld, woodland, lowlands, and semi-desert areas. They prefer areas with moderate tree and shrub cover, as well as increased elevation and steep slopes. These birds are less commonly found near rivers, in mountainous and grassland areas without trees, densely wooded forests, and extremely arid regions.

Prey Composition and Hunting Strategies

Martial eagles are opportunistic predators, consuming a variety of prey weighing between 1 and 5 kg, including birds, small mammals, and reptiles. The preferred prey composition may vary depending on the region and the availability of different prey species. In some areas, mammals may make up the majority of their diet, while in others, birds or reptiles may be more prevalent.

Breeding and Nesting Habits

Martial eagles have a slow breeding rate, typically laying one egg (rarely two) every two years. The eggs are rounded oval in shape and range in color from white to pale greenish-blue, sometimes with brown and grey blotches. The eggs are the largest of any booted eagle, slightly larger on average than those of golden or Verreaux’s eagles, and considerably larger than those of crowned eagles.

Solitary Nature and Territorial Behavior

Martial eagles are known to be very solitary and do not tolerate the presence of other individuals of their own species outside of the breeding season. They have been observed moving considerable distances, with one individual being recovered 130 km (81 miles) away from its initial banding site, and another moving 180 km (110 miles) in 11 months.

In conclusion, martial eagles are remarkable birds of prey that spend the majority of their time soaring high above the ground, taking advantage of the various air currents and thermals. Their preferred habitats, prey composition, and breeding and nesting habits make them a unique and fascinating species to observe and study.

References:
– Martial Eagle – SANBI
– Martial Eagle – Wikipedia
– Martial Eagle – The Peregrine Fund