Shikras and falcons are both birds of prey, but they belong to different families and have several distinct features in terms of their appearance, behavior, and ecological roles. In this comprehensive blog post, we’ll delve into the key differences between these two fascinating raptors.
Size and Appearance
Shikras are relatively smaller birds, typically measuring between 26-30 cm in length, with short rounded wings and a long tail. Adult shikras have a distinctive plumage, with whitish underparts featuring fine rufous bars and grey upperparts. Females, on the other hand, have brownish upperparts and heavier barring on the underparts. Shikras also have a dark mesial stripe on their throat and a red iris in males and yellowish-orange iris in females.
In contrast, falcons are generally larger and more slender birds, with long, pointed wings and a short tail. Falcons have a more streamlined body and a hooked beak with a “tooth” on each side of the upper mandible. Their plumage varies widely depending on the species, but they usually have a more uniform coloration compared to shikras.
Behavior and Ecology
Image source: ShiKRA by Suvendu suvo
Shikras are found in a range of habitats, including forests, farmland, and urban areas. They are usually seen singly or in pairs and feed on a diverse array of prey, including rodents, squirrels, small birds, reptiles, insects, and even carrion. Shikras have a distinctive flight pattern, with flaps and glides, and their flight often draws alarms from smaller birds and squirrels.
Falcons, on the other hand, are more adapted to open country and high-speed flight. They have a more powerful and agile flight, capable of reaching high speeds in a short distance. Falcons feed mainly on other birds and small mammals, which they catch in mid-air or on the ground.
Cultural Significance
Shikras have a rich cultural history, particularly in India and Pakistan, where they have been a favorite among falconers due to their ease of training and ability to take larger birds. The word “shikra” means “hunter” in the Hindi language, and it is borrowed from the Urdu word “شِـكْـره” (shikra), which is derived from the word “شِكارى” (shikari) meaning “hunter.”
In the realm of literature, the famous Punjabi poet Shiv Kumar Batalvi wrote a poem called “Main Ik Shikra Yaar Banaya,” which compares a lost love to a shikra.
Conclusion
Shikras and falcons are both impressive birds of prey, but they have distinct adaptations and ecological niches. Shikras are more suited to wooded habitats and have a more varied diet, while falcons are specialized in hunting other birds in open country. Both species have been revered in various cultures for centuries, and their unique characteristics continue to captivate birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts alike.
