The shikra (Accipiter badius) is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, widely distributed in Asia and Africa. It is known for its distinctive features, including its blue-gray upperparts, fine brownish-orange barring on the underparts, and narrow dark barring on the tail. Identifying the shikra can be a rewarding challenge for advanced animal enthusiasts.
Distinguishing Features of the Shikra
Size and Appearance
Shikras are small raptors, measuring 26-30 cm in length, with short rounded wings and a narrow, somewhat long tail. Adults have blue-gray upperparts, while females have brownish-gray upperparts. Both males and females have narrow dark barring on the tail.
Plumage and Iris Color
The most distinctive feature of the shikra is its plumage. Adults have fine brownish-orange barring on the underparts, while juveniles have streaked underparts. The iris color also varies between males and females, with males having a yellowish iris and females having a reddish-orange iris.
Tail Bands
One of the key identification features of the shikra is the presence of five to six distinct bands on the underside of the tail. This is a unique characteristic that helps distinguish the shikra from similar species, such as the Chinese goshawk and Eurasian sparrowhawk.
Flight Characteristics
In flight, male shikras can be identified by their light wing lining (underwing coverts) and blackish wing tips, while females have a less red (yellowish orange) iris. The shikra’s flight is also characterized by its sharp two-note call, which can be a useful cue for identification.
Habitat and Behavior
Image source: ShiKRA by Suvendu suvo
Shikras are found in a range of habitats, including forests, farmland, and urban areas. They are usually seen singly or in pairs, and are known for their hunting behavior, which includes preying on rodents, squirrels, small birds, small reptiles, and insects.
During the breeding season, shikras can be observed soaring on thermals and stooping at each other, with their flight drawing alarms from smaller birds and squirrels.
Conservation Status
The shikra is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, but its populations are declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as the use of pesticides and other pollutants. Conservation efforts are crucial to ensure the continued survival of this species.
Conclusion
Identifying the shikra can be a rewarding challenge for advanced animal enthusiasts. By focusing on the bird’s distinctive features, such as its plumage, iris color, tail bands, and flight characteristics, you can confidently distinguish the shikra from similar species. Understanding the shikra’s habitat and behavior can also provide valuable insights into its ecology and conservation status.
