The African Hawk Eagle (Aquila spilogaster) is a medium-sized bird of prey that is native to tropical Sub-Saharan Africa. These impressive birds can reach impressive sizes, with a length of 22-26 inches (56-66 cm) and a weight of 3.3-4 lb (1.5-1.8 kg).

Size and Appearance of the African Hawk Eagle

The African Hawk Eagle is a striking bird with a slim body and head, resembling a hawk. However, their underparts are distinctly streaked with black and white, giving them a more eagle-like appearance. Their upper parts are predominantly blackish, with some variations of white spots or brown areas.

Juvenile African Hawk Eagles have lighter feathers that darken over time. They are mostly brown with rufous (brownish-red) coloration on the underparts, which eventually turn black as they mature. One of the most distinctive features of these birds is their bright yellow eyes, which are accompanied by a permanent “frown” expression common to many birds of prey.

While male and female African Hawk Eagles share a similar appearance, some studies have suggested that females tend to have heavier markings on their feathers compared to males. Additionally, the female is generally larger than the male.

Nesting and Habitat of the African Hawk Eagle

Image source: African Hawk-Eagle by Bernard DUPONT

African Hawk Eagles build their nests on tall structures, such as the canopies of trees, cliff faces, or even pylons. These nests can measure up to 3 feet (90 cm) in diameter and are constructed using twigs, branches, and green leaves. The birds will take turns incubating their eggs during the 43-day incubation period.

These birds prefer wooded countryside and sparse desert-like areas, but they are not found in dense forests. They are native to various countries in tropical Sub-Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Kenya, Botswana, South Africa, and Angola.

Lifespan and Predators of the African Hawk Eagle

The lifespan of an African Hawk Eagle is largely unknown due to a lack of research, but it is estimated to be between 55-60 years based on their nesting habits and conservation status.

These birds have few natural predators, as their nests are located in tall structures that are almost impossible for other animals to reach. The primary threat to the African Hawk Eagle is deforestation and habitat destruction, which can threaten their nesting sites in the trees.

Conclusion

The African Hawk Eagle is a remarkable bird of prey that can reach impressive sizes, with a length of 22-26 inches (56-66 cm) and a weight of 3.3-4 lb (1.5-1.8 kg). These birds are native to tropical Sub-Saharan Africa and are known for their distinctive plumage, bright yellow eyes, and unique nesting habits. While they have few natural predators, the African Hawk Eagle faces threats from deforestation and habitat loss, which can impact their survival.

References:
– https://www.oiseaux-birds.com/card-african-hawk-eagle.html
– https://animalia.bio/african-hawk-eagle/1000
– https://operationmigration.org/african-hawk-eagle-the-ultimate-guide/
– https://peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/eagles/african-hawk-eagle
– https://ebird.org/species/afrhae1