White-bellied sea eagles (Haliaeetus leucogaster) are large diurnal birds of prey known for their exceptional hunting skills in aquatic environments. While these majestic birds do not dive underwater like some other avian species, they have developed unique techniques to catch fish and other prey near the water’s surface.
Hunting Techniques of White-Bellied Sea Eagles
White-bellied sea eagles employ two primary hunting methods to capture their aquatic prey:
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Diving from a Perch: These birds will dive at a 45-degree angle from their perch, briefly submerging to seize fish near the water’s surface. This technique allows them to surprise their prey and quickly grasp it with their sharp talons.
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Low-Level Flight: White-bellied sea eagles will also fly low over the water and use one of their feet to grasp fish from the surface. This method enables them to cover a larger area and spot potential prey more easily.
Physical Characteristics and Adaptations
Image source: bellied sea eagle by shankar s
White-bellied sea eagles are impressive in size, with a wingspan ranging from 1.8 to 2 meters, making them one of the largest raptors in Southeast Asia and the second-largest bird of prey in Australia. Their distinctive plumage features a white head, rump, and underparts, with dark grey on the back and wings. This coloration helps them blend in with their coastal and near-coastal habitats.
Habitat and Distribution
These majestic birds are found in various regions, including coastal and near-coastal areas of Australia, as well as in New Guinea, Indonesia, China, Southeast Asia, India, and Sri Lanka. They are often observed perched high in trees or soaring over waterways and adjacent land.
Feeding Habits and Diet
White-bellied sea eagles primarily feed on aquatic animals, such as fish, turtles, and sea snakes. However, they will also hunt birds and mammals, including prey as large as swans. In addition to hunting, these birds scavenge on carrion and may harass smaller birds to steal their food.
Conservation Status and Protection
The white-bellied sea eagle is listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, they are protected under Australian law, and their population is closely monitored to ensure their continued survival.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while white-bellied sea eagles do not dive underwater like some other bird species, they have developed specialized hunting techniques to capture fish and other aquatic prey near the water’s surface. Their impressive size, distinctive plumage, and adaptations make them skilled and efficient hunters in their coastal and near-coastal habitats.
