Crested eagles, specifically the long-crested eagle (Lophaetus occipitalis), are known to be opportunistic predators, feeding on a variety of prey. While their primary diet consists of rodents, they have been observed preying on other animals, including birds of prey like hawks.
The Diet of Crested Eagles
Crested eagles are primarily rodent-eaters, with rodents making up to 98% of their diet. They are skilled “sit and wait” hunters, scanning the ground from a perch and swooping down on their prey with a gliding dive. Their diverse diet also includes:
- Birds
- Amphibians
- Reptiles
- Invertebrates
- Fish
- Fruit
Do Crested Eagles Prey on Hawks?
Image source: Long-crested eagle By Charles J. Sharp
While hawks are not specifically mentioned as a common prey item for crested eagles, larger eagles, including crested eagles, have been known to prey on other birds of prey, including hawks. The size and weight of the prey that a crested eagle can take down depend on the eagle’s size and strength. Larger crested eagles are capable of taking down larger prey, including smaller eagles and hawks.
Factors Influencing Crested Eagle Predation on Hawks
Several factors can influence whether a crested eagle will prey on a hawk:
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Size and Strength: Larger crested eagles are more likely to successfully hunt and prey on hawks, as they have the size and strength to overpower their avian counterparts.
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Availability of Prey: If the crested eagle’s primary prey, such as rodents, is scarce, the eagle may be more inclined to hunt for alternative prey, including hawks.
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Habitat and Nesting Proximity: If the crested eagle and hawk share the same habitat or have nesting sites in close proximity, the chances of predation may increase, as the eagles have easier access to the hawks.
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Hunting Behavior: Crested eagles are known to be opportunistic hunters, and their “sit and wait” hunting strategy may allow them to ambush and prey on unsuspecting hawks.
Documented Cases of Crested Eagles Preying on Hawks
While there are no extensive studies specifically focused on crested eagles preying on hawks, there have been some documented cases of larger eagles, including crested eagles, hunting and consuming other birds of prey:
- In a study conducted in South Africa, researchers observed a long-crested eagle successfully hunting and killing a black sparrowhawk (Accipiter melanoleucus).
- In another instance, a crested eagle was observed attacking and killing a Gabar goshawk (Micronisus gabar) in Kenya.
- Reports from birdwatchers and naturalists have also documented crested eagles preying on smaller raptors, such as kestrels and falcons, in various parts of Africa.
Conclusion
While crested eagles are primarily rodent-eaters, they are opportunistic predators and have been known to prey on other birds, including hawks, when the opportunity arises. The size and strength of the crested eagle, as well as the availability of prey and the proximity of their habitats, can all influence the likelihood of a crested eagle hunting and consuming a hawk. While not a common occurrence, there have been documented cases of crested eagles successfully preying on other birds of prey, including hawks.
