The Crested Eagle (Morphnus guianensis) and the Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) are two of the most captivating birds of prey, each with its unique characteristics and behaviors. This comprehensive guide will delve into the physical attributes, hunting techniques, habitats, and conservation status of these two majestic species, providing valuable insights for avid birdwatchers.
Physical Attributes: Comparing the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle
Size and Weight
- Crested Eagle: Males weigh between 3.2-4.5 kg (7-10 lbs), while females weigh 4.1-6.3 kg (9-14 lbs). They have a wingspan of 170-190 cm (5.5-6.2 ft).
- Bald Eagle: Males weigh between 3-6.3 kg (6.6-13.9 lbs), and females weigh 4.1-6.8 kg (9-15 lbs). They have a wingspan of 168-244 cm (5.5-8 ft).
Plumage
- Crested Eagle: Adults have a light brownish-gray head, back, and chest, with a white throat and a dark spot on the crest. Dark morphs exist, with sooty-gray or blackish plumage. Juveniles are white on the head and chest, with marbled-gray coloration on the back and wings, turning sandy-gray in the second year.
- Bald Eagle: Adults have a white head and tail, with a brown body. Juveniles are brown with varying white mottling, gradually acquiring adult plumage by their fifth year.
Distinctive Features
- Crested Eagle: A distinctive crest ending in a single pointed feather and broad, rounded wings.
- Bald Eagle: A white head and tail, and a large, hooked beak.
Hunting Techniques and Diet: Strategies of the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle
Image source: Long-crested eagle By Charles J. Sharp
Hunting Techniques
- Crested Eagle: The Crested Eagle is a still hunter, perching in tall trees and waiting for prey to appear before dropping onto it.
- Bald Eagle: The Bald Eagle is an opportunistic feeder, often stealing food from other birds or scavenging on carrion. They can also catch fish in mid-air or snatch them from the water’s surface.
Diet
- Crested Eagle: The Crested Eagle primarily feeds on large, diurnal rodents and mice, but will also take birds, reptiles, arthropods, and occasionally fish or fruit.
- Bald Eagle: The Bald Eagle primarily feeds on fish but will also consume waterfowl, small mammals, and carrion.
Habitat and Distribution: Where the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle Call Home
Habitat
- Crested Eagle: The Crested Eagle inhabits humid lowland forests, mostly old-growth tropical rainforests, and can also be found in gallery strips and forest ravines.
- Bald Eagle: The Bald Eagle is found near bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, marshes, and coasts. They prefer areas with tall, mature trees for nesting.
Distribution
- Crested Eagle: The Crested Eagle is native to Central and South America, ranging from Guatemala to Argentina.
- Bald Eagle: The Bald Eagle is native to North America, found in Alaska, Canada, and the contiguous United States.
Conservation Status: The Challenges Faced by the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle
- Crested Eagle: Classified as Near Threatened by the IUCN, primarily due to habitat loss and fragmentation.
- Bald Eagle: Once listed as Endangered in the United States, the Bald Eagle has made a remarkable recovery and is now classified as Least Concern by the IUCN.
Real-life Incidents and Statistics: Fascinating Facts about the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle
- Crested Eagle: An adult Crested Eagle was observed bringing food to a juvenile Harpy Eagle, indicating an interesting interspecific relationship between the two species.
- Bald Eagle: Golden Eagles have been known to overpower kids, highlighting their strength and power.
In conclusion, the Crested Eagle and Bald Eagle are two remarkable birds of prey, each with its own unique characteristics and adaptations. By understanding the differences and similarities between these two species, birdwatchers can gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity and complexity of the avian world.
References
Peregrine Fund. (n.d.). Bald Eagle. Retrieved from https://peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/eagles/bald-eagle
Carnivora. (2019, October 13). American Bald Eagle v Golden Eagle. Retrieved from https://carnivora.net/american-bald-eagle-v-golden-eagle-t6379-s30.html
Wikipedia. (2021, August 2). Crested Eagle. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crested_eagle
Peregrine Fund. (n.d.). Crested Eagle. Retrieved from https://peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/eagles/crested-eagle
IUCN Red List. (2016). Lophaetus occipitalis. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696134A93546422.en
